Multi-component avalanches for rock- and ice-falls to potential debris flow transition modelling

Assessment of the hazard potential of ice avalanches using remote sensing and GIS-modelling

Ice avalanches typically occur when a large mass of ice breaks off from steep glaciers. Since the reach of ice avalanches is usually low, their hazard potential is generally restricted to high mountain areas that are densely populated or frequently visited by tourists. However, far-reaching disasters are possible in combination with other processes such as rockfalls or snow avalanches. In addit...

Snow Avalanches, Ice Avalanches and Glacier Surges

Seismic Recordings of Ice and Debris Avalanches of Iliamna Volcano, Alaska

Seismic data recorded on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, indicate that Iliamna ice avalanches are preceded by up to several hours of precursory seismicity. This precursory activity is represented by a 1-3 hour period of activity comprising a sequence of discrete repeating earthquakes and a period of continuous groundshaking that builds in amplitude. The avalanche itself is represented by a broadband (...

Monitoring and modeling ice-rock avalanches from ice-capped volcanoes: A case study of frequent large avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska

Iliamna is an andesitic stratovolcano of the Aleutian arc with regular gas and steam emissions and mantled by several large glaciers. Iliamna Volcano exhibits an unusual combination of frequent and large ice-rock avalanches in the order of 1×10 m to 3×10 m with recent return periods of 2–4 years. We have reconstructed an avalanche event record for the past 45 years that indicates Iliamna avalan...

Scaling laws for melting ice avalanches.

This Letter describes an investigation of interfacial melting in ice-bearing granular flows. It is proposed that energy associated with granular collisions causes melting at an ice particle's surface, which can thus occur at temperatures well below freezing. A laboratory experiment has been designed that allows quantification of this process and its effect on the dynamics of a granular shear fl...